Conversations about science, technology, history, philosophy and the nature of intelligence, consciousness, love, and power. Lex is an AI researcher at MIT and beyond.


Lex Fridman Podcast

Peter Steinberger is the creator of OpenClaw, an open-source AI agent framework that&#8217;s the fastest-growing project in GitHub history.
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See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.
Transcript:
<a href="https://lexfridman.com/peter-steinberger-transcript">https://lexfridman.com/peter-steinberger-transcript</a>
CONTACT LEX:
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EPISODE LINKS:
Peter&#8217;s X: <a href="https://x.com/steipete">https://x.com/steipete</a>
Peter&#8217;s GitHub: <a href="https://github.com/steipete">https://github.com/steipete</a>
Peter&#8217;s Website: <a href="https://steipete.com">https://steipete.com</a>
Peter&#8217;s LinkedIn: <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/steipete">https://www.linkedin.com/in/steipete</a>
OpenClaw Website: <a href="https://openclaw.ai">https://openclaw.ai</a>
OpenClaw GitHub: <a href="https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw">https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw</a>
OpenClaw Discord: <a href="https://discord.gg/openclaw">https://discord.gg/openclaw</a>
SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors &#38; get discounts:
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OUTLINE:
(00:00) &#8211; Introduction
(03:51) &#8211; Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(15:29) &#8211; OpenClaw origin story
(18:48) &#8211; Mind-blowing moment
(28:15) &#8211; Why OpenClaw went viral
(32:12) &#8211; Self-modifying AI agent
(36:57) &#8211; Name-change drama
(54:07) &#8211; Moltbook saga
(1:02:26) &#8211; OpenClaw security concerns
(1:11:07) &#8211; How to code with AI agents
(1:42:02) &#8211; Programming setup
(1:48:45) &#8211; GPT Codex 5.3 vs Claude Opus 4.6
(1:57:52) &#8211; Best AI agent for programming
(2:19:52) &#8211; Life story and career advice
(2:23:49) &#8211; Money and happiness
(2:27:41) &#8211; Acquisition offers from OpenAI and Meta
(2:44:51) &#8211; How OpenClaw works
(2:56:09) &#8211; AI slop
(3:02:13) &#8211; AI agents will replace 80% of apps
(3:10:50) &#8211; Will AI replace programmers?
(3:22:50) &#8211; Future of OpenClaw community

#491 – OpenClaw: The Viral AI Agent that Broke the Internet – Peter Steinberger

Nathan Lambert and Sebastian Raschka are machine learning researchers, engineers, and educators. Nathan is the post-training lead at the Allen Institute for AI (Ai2) and the author of The RLHF Book. Sebastian Raschka is the author of Build a Large Language Model (From Scratch) and Build a Reasoning Model (From Scratch).
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See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.
Transcript:
<a href="https://lexfridman.com/ai-sota-2026-transcript">https://lexfridman.com/ai-sota-2026-transcript</a>
CONTACT LEX:
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SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors &#38; get discounts:
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OUTLINE:
(00:00) &#8211; Introduction
(01:39) &#8211; Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(16:29) &#8211; China vs US: Who wins the AI race?
(25:11) &#8211; ChatGPT vs Claude vs Gemini vs Grok: Who is winning?
(36:11) &#8211; Best AI for coding
(43:02) &#8211; Open Source vs Closed Source LLMs
(54:41) &#8211; Transformers: Evolution of LLMs since 2019
(1:02:38) &#8211; AI Scaling Laws: Are they dead or still holding?
(1:18:45) &#8211; How AI is trained: Pre-training, Mid-training, and Post-training
(1:51:51) &#8211; Post-training explained: Exciting new research directions in LLMs
(2:12:43) &#8211; Advice for beginners on how to get into AI development &#38; research
(2:35:36) &#8211; Work culture in AI (72+ hour weeks)
(2:39:22) &#8211; Silicon Valley bubble
(2:43:19) &#8211; Text diffusion models and other new research directions
(2:49:01) &#8211; Tool use
(2:53:17) &#8211; Continual learning
(2:58:39) &#8211; Long context
(3:04:54) &#8211; Robotics
(3:14:04) &#8211; Timeline to AGI
(3:21:20) &#8211; Will AI replace programmers?
(3:39:51) &#8211; Is the dream of AGI dying?
(3:46:40) &#8211; How AI will make money?
(3:51:02) &#8211; Big acquisitions in 2026
(3:55:34) &#8211; Future of OpenAI, Anthropic, Google DeepMind, xAI, Meta
(4:08:08) &#8211; Manhattan Project for AI
(4:14:42) &#8211; Future of NVIDIA, GPUs, and AI compute clusters
(4:22:48) &#8211; Future of human civilization

#490 – State of AI in 2026: LLMs, Coding, Scaling Laws, China, Agents, GPUs, AGI

Paul Rosolie is a naturalist, explorer, author of a new book titled Junglekeeper, and is someone who has dedicated his life to protecting the Amazon rainforest.
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See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.
Transcript:
<a href="https://lexfridman.com/paul-rosolie-3-transcript">https://lexfridman.com/paul-rosolie-3-transcript</a>
CONTACT LEX:
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EPISODE LINKS:
Junglekeeper (new book): <a href="https://amzn.to/4q7vpAp">https://amzn.to/4q7vpAp</a>
Paul&#8217;s Instagram: <a href="https://instagram.com/paulrosolie">https://instagram.com/paulrosolie</a>
Junglekeepers Website: <a href="https://junglekeepers.org">https://junglekeepers.org</a>
Paul&#8217;s Website: <a href="https://paulrosolie.com">https://paulrosolie.com</a>
Mother of God (book): <a href="https://amzn.to/3ww2ob1">https://amzn.to/3ww2ob1</a>
SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors &#38; get discounts:
Perplexity: AI-powered answer engine.
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OUTLINE:
(00:00) &#8211; Introduction
(02:34) &#8211; Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(12:00) &#8211; Uncontacted tribes in the Amazon Jungle
(19:46) &#8211; Intense new encounter
(42:52) &#8211; Never-before-seen footage of tribe warriors
(56:08) &#8211; The mysteries of the jungle
(1:10:43) &#8211; Tribe&#8217;s diet: Monkeys, turtles, and turtle eggs
(1:20:19) &#8211; Jane Goodall
(1:26:31) &#8211; Advice for young people
(1:35:45) &#8211; Cartel, Narco-traffickers &#38; assassination attempts
(1:57:45) &#8211; Climbing the giant tree
(2:08:43) &#8211; Giant anaconda
(2:26:01) &#8211; Rescuing a spider monkey
(2:32:05) &#8211; Dangerous animal encounters
(2:42:13) &#8211; Writing, journaling, and great writer inspirations
PODCAST LINKS:
&#8211; Podcast Website: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/podcast">https://lexfridman.com/podcast</a>
&#8211; Apple Podcasts: <a href="https://apple.co/2lwqZIr">https://apple.co/2lwqZIr</a>
&#8211; Spotify: <a href="https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8">https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8</a>
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&#8211; Podcast Playlist: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4">https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4</a>
&#8211; Clips Channel: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/lexclips">https://www.youtube.com/lexclips</a>

#489 – Paul Rosolie: Uncontacted Tribes in the Amazon Jungle

Joel David Hamkins is a mathematician and philosopher specializing in set theory, the foundations of mathematics, and the nature of infinity, and he&#8217;s the #1 highest-rated user on MathOverflow. He is also the author of several books, including Proof and the Art of Mathematics and Lectures on the Philosophy of Mathematics. And he has a great blog called Infinitely More.
Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep488-sc">https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep488-sc</a>
See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.
Transcript:
<a href="https://lexfridman.com/joel-david-hamkins-transcript">https://lexfridman.com/joel-david-hamkins-transcript</a>
CONTACT LEX:
Feedback &#8211; give feedback to Lex: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/survey">https://lexfridman.com/survey</a>
AMA &#8211; submit questions, videos or call-in: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/ama">https://lexfridman.com/ama</a>
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Other &#8211; other ways to get in touch: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/contact">https://lexfridman.com/contact</a>
EPISODE LINKS:
Joel&#8217;s X: <a href="https://x.com/JDHamkins">https://x.com/JDHamkins</a>
Joel&#8217;s Website: <a href="https://jdh.hamkins.org">https://jdh.hamkins.org</a>
Joel&#8217;s Substack: <a href="https://www.infinitelymore.xyz">https://www.infinitelymore.xyz</a>
Joel&#8217;s MathOverflow: <a href="https://mathoverflow.net/users/1946/joel-david-hamkins">https://mathoverflow.net/users/1946/joel-david-hamkins</a>
Joel&#8217;s Papers: <a href="https://jdh.hamkins.org/publications">https://jdh.hamkins.org/publications</a>
Joel&#8217;s Books:
Lectures on the Philosophy of Mathematics: <a href="https://amzn.to/3MThaAt">https://amzn.to/3MThaAt</a>
Proof and the Art of Mathematics: <a href="https://amzn.to/3YACc9A">https://amzn.to/3YACc9A</a>
SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors &#38; get discounts:
Perplexity: AI-powered answer engine.
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MasterClass: Online classes from world-class experts.
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OUTLINE:
(00:00) &#8211; Introduction
(01:58) &#8211; Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(15:40) &#8211; Infinity &#38; paradoxes
(1:02:50) &#8211; Russell&#8217;s paradox
(1:15:57) &#8211; Gödel&#8217;s incompleteness theorems
(1:33:28) &#8211; Truth vs proof
(1:44:52) &#8211; The Halting Problem
(2:00:45) &#8211; Does infinity exist?
(2:18:19) &#8211; MathOverflow
(2:22:12) &#8211; The Continuum Hypothesis
(2:31:58) &#8211; Hardest problems in mathematics
(2:41:25) &#8211; Mathematical multiverse
(3:00:18) &#8211; Surreal numbers
(3:10:55) &#8211; Conway&#8217;s Game of Life
(3:13:11) &#8211; Computability theory
(3:23:04) &#8211; P vs NP
(3:26:21) &#8211; Greatest mathematicians in history
(3:40:05) &#8211; Infinite chess
(3:58:24) &#8211; Most beautiful idea in mathematics

#488 – Infinity, Paradoxes that Broke Mathematics, Gödel Incompleteness & the Multiverse – Joel David Hamkins

Irving Finkel is a scholar of ancient languages and a longtime curator at the British Museum, renowned for his expertise in Mesopotamian history and cuneiform writing. He specializes in reading and interpreting cuneiform inscriptions, including tablets from Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian contexts. He became widely known for studying a tablet with a Mesopotamian flood story that predates the biblical Noah narrative, which he presented in his book &#8220;The Ark Before Noah&#8221; and in a documentary that involved building a circular ark based on the tablet&#8217;s technical instructions.
Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep487-sc">https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep487-sc</a>
See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.
Transcript:
<a href="https://lexfridman.com/irving-finkel-transcript">https://lexfridman.com/irving-finkel-transcript</a>
CONTACT LEX:
Feedback &#8211; give feedback to Lex: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/survey">https://lexfridman.com/survey</a>
AMA &#8211; submit questions, videos or call-in: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/ama">https://lexfridman.com/ama</a>
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Other &#8211; other ways to get in touch: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/contact">https://lexfridman.com/contact</a>
EPISODE LINKS:
Irving&#8217;s Instagram: <a href="https://www.instagram.com/drirvingfinkel/">https://www.instagram.com/drirvingfinkel/</a>
The Ark Before Noah (book): <a href="https://amzn.to/4j2U0DW">https://amzn.to/4j2U0DW</a>
Irving Lectures Playlist: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLYXwZvOwHjVcFUi9iEqirkXRaCUJdXGha">https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLYXwZvOwHjVcFUi9iEqirkXRaCUJdXGha</a>
British Museum Video Playlist: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0LQM0SAx603A6p5EJ9DVcESqQReT7QyK">https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0LQM0SAx603A6p5EJ9DVcESqQReT7QyK</a>
British Museum Website: <a href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/">https://www.britishmuseum.org/</a>
The Great Diary Project: <a href="https://thegreatdiaryproject.co.uk/">https://thegreatdiaryproject.co.uk/</a>
SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors &#38; get discounts:
Shopify: Sell stuff online.
Go to <a href="https://lexfridman.com/s/shopify-ep487-sc">https://shopify.com/lex</a>
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AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drink.
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OUTLINE:
(00:00) &#8211; Introduction
(00:43) &#8211; Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(09:53) &#8211; Origins of human language
(15:59) &#8211; Cuneiform
(23:12) &#8211; Controversial theory about Göbekli Tepe
(34:23) &#8211; How to write and speak Cuneiform
(39:42) &#8211; Primitive human language
(41:26) &#8211; Development of writing systems
(42:20) &#8211; Decipherment of Cuneiform
(54:51) &#8211; Limits of language
(59:51) &#8211; Art of translation
(1:05:01) &#8211; Gods
(1:10:25) &#8211; Ghosts
(1:20:13) &#8211; Ancient flood stories
(1:30:21) &#8211; Noah&#8217;s Ark
(1:41:44) &#8211; The Royal Game of Ur
(1:54:43) &#8211; British Museum
(2:02:08) &#8211; Evolution of human civilization

#487 – Irving Finkel: Deciphering Secrets of Ancient Civilizations & Flood Myths

Michael Levin is a biologist at Tufts University working on novel ways to understand and control complex pattern formation in biological systems.
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See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.
Transcript:
<a href="https://lexfridman.com/michael-levin-2-transcript">https://lexfridman.com/michael-levin-2-transcript</a>
CONTACT LEX:
Feedback &#8211; give feedback to Lex: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/survey">https://lexfridman.com/survey</a>
AMA &#8211; submit questions, videos or call-in: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/ama">https://lexfridman.com/ama</a>
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EPISODE LINKS:
Michael Levin&#8217;s X: <a href="https://x.com/drmichaellevin">https://x.com/drmichaellevin</a>
Michael Levin&#8217;s Website: <a href="https://drmichaellevin.org">https://drmichaellevin.org</a>
Michael Levin&#8217;s Papers: <a href="https://drmichaellevin.org/publications/">https://drmichaellevin.org/publications/</a>
&#8211; Biological Robots: <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.00880">https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.00880</a>
&#8211; Classical Sorting Algorithms: <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.05375">https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.05375</a>
&#8211; Aging as a Morphostasis Defect: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38636560/">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38636560/</a>
&#8211; TAME: <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.10346">https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.10346</a>
&#8211; Synthetic Living Machines: <a href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scirobotics.abf1571">https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scirobotics.abf1571</a>
SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors &#38; get discounts:
Shopify: Sell stuff online.
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OUTLINE:
(00:00) &#8211; Introduction
(00:29) &#8211; Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(10:09) &#8211; Biological intelligence
(18:42) &#8211; Living vs non-living organisms
(23:55) &#8211; Origin of life
(27:40) &#8211; The search for alien life (on Earth)
(1:00:44) &#8211; Creating life in the lab &#8211; Xenobots and Anthrobots
(1:13:46) &#8211; Memories and ideas are living organisms
(1:27:26) &#8211; Reality is an illusion: The brain is an interface to a hidden reality
(2:13:13) &#8211; Unexpected Intelligence in sorting algorithms
(2:38:51) &#8211; Can aging be reversed?
(2:42:41) &#8211; Mind uploading
(3:01:22) &#8211; Alien intelligence
(3:16:17) &#8211; Advice for young people
(3:22:46) &#8211; Questions for AGI

#486 – Michael Levin: Hidden Reality of Alien Intelligence & Biological Life

David Kirtley is a nuclear fusion engineer and CEO of Helion Energy, a company working on building the world&#8217;s first commercial fusion power plant by 2028.
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David&#8217;s LinkedIn: <a href="https://bit.ly/4qX0KXp">https://bit.ly/4qX0KXp</a>
Helion: <a href="https://www.helionenergy.com/">https://www.helionenergy.com/</a>
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OUTLINE:
(00:00) &#8211; Introduction
(03:00) &#8211; Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(11:35) &#8211; Nuclear fission vs fusion
(21:35) &#8211; Physics of E=mc^2
(26:50) &#8211; Is nuclear fusion safe?
(32:11) &#8211; Chernobyl
(38:38) &#8211; Geopolitics
(40:33) &#8211; Extreme scenarios
(47:28) &#8211; How nuclear fusion works
(1:20:20) &#8211; Extreme temperatures
(1:25:21) &#8211; Fusion control and simulation
(1:37:15) &#8211; Electricity from fusion
(2:11:20) &#8211; First fusion power plant in 2028
(2:18:13) &#8211; Energy needs of GPU clusters
(2:28:38) &#8211; Kardashev scale
(2:36:33) &#8211; Fermi Paradox
PODCAST LINKS:
&#8211; Podcast Website: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/podcast">https://lexfridman.com/podcast</a>
&#8211; Apple Podcasts: <a href="https://apple.co/2lwqZIr">https://apple.co/2lwqZIr</a>
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&#8211; Clips Channel: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/lexclips">https://www.youtube.com/lexclips</a>

#485 – David Kirtley: Nuclear Fusion, Plasma Physics, and the Future of Energy

Dan Houser is co-founder of Rockstar Games and is a legendary creative mind behind Grand Theft Auto (GTA) and Red Dead Redemption series of video games.
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A Better Paradise: <a href="https://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B0FCYSK8VD">https://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B0FCYSK8VD</a>
American Caper: <a href="https://absurdventures.com/americancaper">https://absurdventures.com/americancaper</a>
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OUTLINE:
(00:00) &#8211; Introduction
(01:29) &#8211; Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(11:32) &#8211; Greatest films of all time
(23:45) &#8211; Making video games
(26:36) &#8211; GTA 3
(29:55) &#8211; Open world video games
(32:42) &#8211; Character creation
(36:09) &#8211; Superintelligent AI in A Better Paradise
(45:21) &#8211; Can LLMs write video games?
(49:41) &#8211; Creating GTA 4 and GTA 5
(1:01:16) &#8211; Hard work and Rockstar&#8217;s culture of excellence
(1:04:56) &#8211; GTA 6
(1:21:46) &#8211; Red Dead Redemption 2
(2:01:39) &#8211; DLCs for GTA and Red Dead Redemption
(2:07:58) &#8211; Leaving Rockstar Games
(2:17:22) &#8211; Greatest game of all time
(2:22:10) &#8211; Life lessons from father
(2:24:29) &#8211; Mortality
(2:41:47) &#8211; Advice for young people
(2:47:49) &#8211; Future of video games
PODCAST LINKS:
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&#8211; Apple Podcasts: <a href="https://apple.co/2lwqZIr">https://apple.co/2lwqZIr</a>
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&#8211; Clips Channel: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/lexclips">https://www.youtube.com/lexclips</a>

#484 – Dan Houser: GTA, Red Dead Redemption, Rockstar, Absurd & Future of Gaming

Julia Shaw is a criminal psychologist and author who in her books explores human nature, including psychopathy, violent crime, the psychology of evil, police interrogation, false memory manipulation, deception detection, and human sexuality.
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Transcript:
<a href="https://lexfridman.com/julia-shaw-transcript">https://lexfridman.com/julia-shaw-transcript</a>
CONTACT LEX:
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EPISODE LINKS:
Julia&#8217;s Instagram: <a href="https://instagram.com/drjuliashaw">https://instagram.com/drjuliashaw</a>
Julia&#8217;s Website: <a href="https://www.drjuliashaw.com/">https://www.drjuliashaw.com/</a>
Julia&#8217;s Linktree: <a href="https://linktr.ee/drjuliashaw">https://linktr.ee/drjuliashaw</a>
Julia&#8217;s LinkedIn: <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/drjuliashaw/">https://www.linkedin.com/in/drjuliashaw/</a>
Julia&#8217;s Books: <a href="https://amzn.to/4mQBnTV">https://amzn.to/4mQBnTV</a>
Green Crime (US Book): <a href="https://amzn.to/4nLfSVE">https://amzn.to/4nLfSVE</a>
Green Crime (Canadian Book): <a href="https://amzn.to/47lBAdc">https://amzn.to/47lBAdc</a>
SPONSORS:
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OUTLINE:
(00:00) &#8211; Introduction
(01:00) &#8211; Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(08:16) &#8211; Dark Tetrad &#8211; Psychopathy, Narcissism, Machiavellianism, Sadism
(29:23) &#8211; Serial killers
(43:59) &#8211; Murder
(51:51) &#8211; Lies and scams
(56:38) &#8211; Jealousy
(1:00:07) &#8211; Monogamy
(1:05:20) &#8211; Sexuality
(1:20:21) &#8211; Sexual fetishes
(1:35:56) &#8211; Criminal psychology
(1:39:04) &#8211; False memories
(2:25:01) &#8211; Criminals destroying the planet
(2:40:24) &#8211; Hope
PODCAST LINKS:
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&#8211; Clips Channel: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/lexclips">https://www.youtube.com/lexclips</a>

#483 – Julia Shaw: Criminal Psychology of Murder, Serial Killers, Memory & Sex

Pavel Durov is the founder and CEO of Telegram.
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CONTACT LEX:
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OUTLINE:
(00:00) &#8211; Introduction
(02:46) &#8211; Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(11:29) &#8211; Philosophy of freedom
(14:37) &#8211; No alcohol
(22:42) &#8211; No phone
(28:38) &#8211; Discipline
(49:50) &#8211; Telegram: Lean philosophy, privacy, and geopolitics
(1:05:12) &#8211; Arrest in France
(1:21:23) &#8211; Romanian elections
(1:32:18) &#8211; Power and corruption
(1:41:50) &#8211; Intense education
(1:53:51) &#8211; Nikolai Durov
(1:58:19) &#8211; Programming and video games
(2:02:33) &#8211; VK origins &#38; engineering
(2:19:46) &#8211; Hiring a great team
(2:29:02) &#8211; Telegram engineering &#38; design
(2:48:04) &#8211; Encryption
(2:53:01) &#8211; Open source
(2:57:48) &#8211; Edward Snowden
(3:00:20) &#8211; Intelligence agencies
(3:01:32) &#8211; Iran and Russia government pressure
(3:04:41) &#8211; Apple
(3:11:38) &#8211; Poisoning
(3:43:53) &#8211; Money
(3:52:45) &#8211; TON
(4:02:35) &#8211; Bitcoin
(4:05:34) &#8211; Two chairs dilemma
(4:12:14) &#8211; Children
(4:23:24) &#8211; Father
(4:27:55) &#8211; Quantum immortality
(4:34:27) &#8211; Kafka
PODCAST LINKS:
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&#8211; Clips Channel: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/lexclips">https://www.youtube.com/lexclips</a>

#482 – Pavel Durov: Telegram, Freedom, Censorship, Money, Power & Human Nature

Norman Ohler is a historian and author of &#8220;Blitzed: Drugs in the Third Reich,&#8221; a book that investigates the role of psychoactive drugs, particularly stimulants such as methamphetamine, in the military history of World War II. It is a book that two legendary historians Ian Kershaw and Antony Beevor give very high praise for its depth of research. Norman also wrote &#8220;Tripped: Nazi Germany, the CIA, and the Dawn of the Psychedelic Age&#8221;, and he is working on a new book &#8220;Stoned Sapiens&#8221; looking at the history of human civilization through the lens of drugs.
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Transcript:
<a href="https://lexfridman.com/norman-ohler-transcript">https://lexfridman.com/norman-ohler-transcript</a>
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Stoned Sapiens Substack: <a href="https://substack.com/@stonedsapiens">https://substack.com/@stonedsapiens</a>
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Norman&#8217;s Instagram: <a href="https://www.instagram.com/normanohler">https://www.instagram.com/normanohler</a>
Norman&#8217;s YouTube: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@Norman-Ohler">https://www.youtube.com/@Norman-Ohler</a>
Norman&#8217;s Website: <a href="https://www.normanohler.de">https://www.normanohler.de</a>
Norman&#8217;s books: <a href="https://amzn.to/46uNS18">https://amzn.to/46uNS18</a>
Blitzed: <a href="https://amzn.to/4mmY2XC">https://amzn.to/4mmY2XC</a>
The Bohemians: <a href="https://amzn.to/3KubPhK">https://amzn.to/3KubPhK</a>
Tripped: <a href="https://amzn.to/4nEy7eX">https://amzn.to/4nEy7eX</a>
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OUTLINE:
(00:00) &#8211; Introduction
(01:09) &#8211; Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(09:00) &#8211; Drugs in post-WWI Germany
(19:18) &#8211; Nazi rise to power
(23:45) &#8211; Hitler&#8217;s drug use
(29:37) &#8211; Response to historian criticism
(46:16) &#8211; Pervitin
(1:00:15) &#8211; Blitzkrieg and meth
(1:18:52) &#8211; Erwin Rommel (Crystal Fox)
(1:23:02) &#8211; Dunkirk
(1:31:06) &#8211; Hitler&#8217;s drug addiction
(1:47:03) &#8211; Methamphetamine
(1:48:57) &#8211; Invasion of Soviet Union
(2:07:54) &#8211; Cocaine
(2:16:49) &#8211; Hitler&#8217;s last days
(2:36:48) &#8211; German resistance against Nazis
(2:58:59) &#8211; Totalitarianism
(3:04:09) &#8211; Stoned Sapiens &#8211; Drugs in human history
(3:19:20) &#8211; Religion
(3:30:09) &#8211; LSD, CIA, and MKUltra
(3:55:39) &#8211; Writing on drugs
(4:08:40) &#8211; Berlin night clubs
(4:19:14) &#8211; Greatest book ever written

#481 – Norman Ohler: Hitler, Nazis, Drugs, WW2, Blitzkrieg, LSD, MKUltra & CIA

Dave Hone is a paleontologist, expert on dinosaurs, co-host of the Terrible Lizards podcast, and author of numerous scientific papers and books on the behavior and ecology of dinosaurs. He lectures at Queen Mary University of London on topics of Ecology, Zoology, Biology, and Evolution.
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Transcript:
<a href="https://lexfridman.com/dave-hone-transcript">https://lexfridman.com/dave-hone-transcript</a>
CONTACT LEX:
Feedback &#8211; give feedback to Lex: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/survey">https://lexfridman.com/survey</a>
AMA &#8211; submit questions, videos or call-in: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/ama">https://lexfridman.com/ama</a>
Hiring &#8211; join our team: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/hiring">https://lexfridman.com/hiring</a>
Other &#8211; other ways to get in touch: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/contact">https://lexfridman.com/contact</a>
EPISODE LINKS:
Dave&#8217;s Website: <a href="https://www.davehone.co.uk/">https://www.davehone.co.uk/</a>
Dave&#8217;s Books: <a href="https://amzn.to/4pbk828">https://amzn.to/4pbk828</a>
Terrible Lizards Podcast: <a href="https://terriblelizards.libsyn.com/">https://terriblelizards.libsyn.com/</a>
Dave&#8217;s Blog: <a href="https://archosaurmusings.wordpress.com/">https://archosaurmusings.wordpress.com/</a>
Dave&#8217;s Academic Website: <a href="https://www.qmul.ac.uk/sbbs/staff/davidhone.html">https://www.qmul.ac.uk/sbbs/staff/davidhone.html</a>
SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors &#38; get discounts:
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OUTLINE:
(00:00) &#8211; Introduction
(00:22) &#8211; Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(07:18) &#8211; T-Rex&#8217;s size &#38; biomechanics
(31:00) &#8211; T-Rex&#8217;s hunting strategies
(44:07) &#8211; History of dinosaurs on Earth
(1:04:38) &#8211; $31.8 million T-Rex fossil
(1:17:44) &#8211; T-Rex&#8217;s skull and bone-crushing bite force
(1:36:33) &#8211; What Jurassic Park got wrong
(1:54:52) &#8211; Evolution and sexual selection
(2:15:26) &#8211; Spinosaurus
(2:26:02) &#8211; What Jurassic Park got right
(2:33:35) &#8211; T-Rex&#8217;s intelligence
(2:43:34) &#8211; Cannibalism among T-Rex
(2:49:05) &#8211; Extinction of the dinosaurs
(3:06:15) &#8211; Dragons
(3:22:39) &#8211; Birds are dinosaurs
(3:33:23) &#8211; Future of paleontology
PODCAST LINKS:
&#8211; Podcast Website: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/podcast">https://lexfridman.com/podcast</a>
&#8211; Apple Podcasts: <a href="https://apple.co/2lwqZIr">https://apple.co/2lwqZIr</a>
&#8211; Spotify: <a href="https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8">https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8</a>
&#8211; RSS: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/">https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/</a>
&#8211; Podcast Playlist: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4">https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4</a>
&#8211; Clips Channel: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/lexclips">https://www.youtube.com/lexclips</a>

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