<div>In this episode of The Sound of Economics, host Rebecca Christie speaks about the future of work with Bruegel’s Alexandre Mendonça and MIT professor Paul Osterman, author of a new book called Disposable Workers: the Transformation of Employment. In the United States and the European Union, companies are shifting away from long-term permanent jobs to a system with less certainty. Which industries have been most affected and how does that look for their workers? Who benefits from part-time work? Which workers are most disadvantaged? How can public policy adjust around these new dynamics? Artificial intelligence changes what skills workers need and immigration trends shape which workers are available. What conditions will help the economy grow and thrive? <strong>Related research: </strong>
</div><ul>
<li>Osterman, P. (2026) ' <a href="https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674300248">Disposable Workers - The Transformation of Employment</a>', Upcoming, Harvard University Press   </li>
<li>Mendonça, A. (2025) '<a href="https://research.hhs.se/esploro/outputs/991001654599506056">On Labor Markets, Inequality and Productivity</a>', Dissertation, Stockholm School of Economics</li>
<li>Christie, R., M. Grzegorczyk and D. Mulcahy (2022) '<a href="https://www.bruegel.org/policy-brief/better-pensions-european-unions-self-employed">Better pensions for the European Union’s self-employed</a>', Policy Contribution 05/2022, Bruegel  </li>
</ul>

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