Braid is known for his work in hypnotism. But he was also a surgeon with a reputation for pioneering new treatments before he became fascinated with the scientific underpinnings of mesmerism. Research: <ul> <li>Braid, James, and Arthur Edward Waite, ed. &ldquo;Braid on hypnotism. Neurypnology; or, The rationale of nervous sleep considered in relation to animal magnetism or mesmerism and illustrated by numerous cases of its successful application in the relief and cure of disease.&rdquo; London. George Redway. 1899. https://archive.org/details/braidonhypnotism00brai/page/n7/mode/2up</li> <li>&ldquo;Clubfoot.&rdquo; Cleveland Clinic. July 6, 2023. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16889-clubfoot</li> <li>Crabtree&nbsp;A. &ldquo;1784: The Marquis de Puys&eacute;gur and the psychological turn in the west.&rdquo; J Hist Behav Sci.2019;55:199&ndash;215.&nbsp;https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbs.21974</li> <li>Fletcher, George. &ldquo;James Braid Of Manchester.&rdquo; The British Medical Journal, vol. 2, no. 3590, 1929, pp. 776&ndash;77. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/25334090</li> <li>Hull, Clark L. &ldquo;Hypnotism in Scientific Perspective.&rdquo;&nbsp;The Scientific Monthly, vol. 29, no. 2, 1929, pp. 154&ndash;62.&nbsp;JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/14677</li> <li>&ldquo;Hypnotism.&rdquo; Yorkville Enquirer. Feb. 23, 1860. https://www.newspapers.com/image/339341468/?match=1&terms=James%20Braid</li> <li>Lafontaine&rsquo;s Third Conversazione on Mesmerism.&rdquo; The Manchester Times and Manchester and Salford Advertiser and Chronicle. Nov. 20, 1841. https://www.newspapers.com/image/406088965/?match=1&terms=lafontaine</li> <li>Loudon, I. &ldquo;Why are (male) surgeons still addressed as Mr?.&rdquo;&nbsp;BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 321,7276 (2000): 1589-91. doi:10.1136/bmj.321.7276.1589</li> <li>Macklis, R M. &ldquo;Magnetic healing, quackery, and the debate about the health effects of electromagnetic fields.&rdquo;&nbsp;Annals of internal medicine 118,5 (1993): 376-83. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-118-5-199303010-00009</li> <li>Martin, Christy. &ldquo;Mesmerized.&rdquo; Science History Institute. Dec. 6, 2011. https://www.sciencehistory.org/stories/magazine/mesmerized/</li> <li>Bramwell, J. Milne. &ldquo;Hypnotism and treatment by suggestion.&rdquo; New York. Da Capo Press. 1982. Accessed online: https://archive.org/details/hypnotismandtre00bramgoog/page/n6/mode/1up</li> <li>Rouse, Tyler. &ldquo;The brief and strange history of mesmerism and surgery.&rdquo; Hektoen International. Winter 2019. https://hekint.org/2018/12/24/the-brief-and-strange-history-of-mesmerism-and-surgery/</li> <li>Sandby, George. &ldquo;Mesmerism and its opponents.&rdquo; London. Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. 1848. https://archive.org/details/mesmerismandits01sandgoog</li> <li>&ldquo;Sudden Death of Mr. James Braid, Surgeon.&rdquo; The Guardian. March 26, 1860. https://www.newspapers.com/image/257847287/?match=1&terms=James%20Braid</li> <li>Weidow, Brandy, M.S. &ldquo;James Braid.&rdquo; Ebsco. 2024. https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/health-and-medicine/james-braid</li> <li>Yeates, Lindsay Bertram. &ldquo;James Braid: Surgeon, Gentleman Scientist, and Hypnotist.&rdquo; University of New South Wales, Sydney. 2013. https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/entities/publication/7573cb34-ceb9-41bb-a8b1-0951e93fdd10</li> </ul> &nbsp; &nbsp;See <a href="https://omnystudio.com/listener">omnystudio.com/listener</a> for privacy information.

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