The first electrocardiograph was invented in 1895. That device looked a lot different from today&rsquo;s machines, and there are some other contenders for the title of &ldquo;first.&rdquo; Research: <ul> <li>AlGhatrif, Majd, and Joseph Lindsay. &ldquo;A brief review: history to understand fundamentals of electrocardiography.&rdquo; Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives vol. 2,1 10.3402/jchimp.v2i1.14383. 30 Apr. 2012, doi:10.3402/jchimp.v2i1.14383</li> <li>Baldassarre, Antonio et al. &ldquo;The Role of Electrocardiography in Occupational Medicine, from Einthoven's Invention to the Digital Era of Wearable Devices.&rdquo; International journal of environmental research and public health vol. 17,14 4975. 10 Jul. 2020, doi:10.3390/ijerph17144975</li> <li>Browne, Sir Thomas. &ldquo;Chap. IV: Of Bodies Electrical.&rdquo; From Pseudodoxia Epidemica. 1672. https://penelope.uchicago.edu/pseudodoxia/pseudo24.html</li> <li>Case Western Reserve. &ldquo;Cambridge Electrocardiograph, 1920.&rdquo; https://artsci.case.edu/dittrick/online-exhibits/explore-the-artifacts/cambridge-electrocardiograph-1920/</li> <li>Fisch, Charles. &ldquo;Centennial of the string galvanometer and the electrocardiogram.&rdquo; Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Volume 36, Issue 6, 15 November 2000. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109700009761</li> <li>Friedman, Paul A. &ldquo;The Electrocardiogram at 100 Years: History and Future.&rdquo; Circulation. Volume 149, Number 6. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.065489.</li> <li>Fye, W. Bruce. &ldquo;A History of the Origin, Evolution and Impact of Electrocardiography.&rdquo; The American Journal of Cardiology. Vol. 73, No. 13. 5/15/1994.</li> <li>Goodrich, Joanna. &ldquo;Forget Electrodes, the First EKG Machine Used Buckets of Saline Solution and Telephone Wire.&rdquo; IEEE Spectrum. 1/5/2021. https://spectrum.ieee.org/forget-electrodes-the-first-ekg-machine-used-buckets-of-saline-solution-and-telephone-wire</li> <li>Howell, Joel D. &ldquo;Early Perceptions of the Electrocardiogram: From Arrythmia to Infarction.&rdquo; Bulletin of the History of Medicine, SPRING 1984, Vol. 58, No. 1. Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44441681</li> <li>Jenkens, Dean and Dr Stephen Gerred. &ldquo;A (not so) brief history of electrocardiography.&rdquo; ECG Library. 2009. https://ecglibrary.com/ecghist.html</li> <li>Macfarlane PW, Kennedy J. Automated ECG Interpretation&mdash;A Brief History from High Expectations to Deepest Networks. Hearts. 2021; 2(4):433-448. https://doi.org/10.3390/hearts2040034</li> <li>Rautaharju, Pentti M. &ldquo;Eyewitness to history: Landmarks in the development of computerized electrocardiography.&rdquo; Journal of Electrocardiology 49 (2016) 1 &ndash; 6.</li> <li>Rivera-Ruiz, Moises et al. &ldquo;Einthoven's string galvanometer: the first electrocardiograph.&rdquo; Texas Heart Institute journal vol. 35,2 (2008): 174-8.</li> <li>Salam, Amar M. &ldquo;The Invention of Electrocardiography Machine.&rdquo; HeartViews. 2019 Nov 14;20(4):181&ndash;183. doi: 10.4103/HEARTVIEWS.HEARTVIEWS_102_19.</li> <li>Vincent, Rony. &ldquo;From a laboratory to the wearables: a review on history and evolution of electrocardiogram.&rdquo; Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine, vol. 4, n&uacute;m. 4, pp. 248-255, 2022. https://www.redalyc.org/journal/6920/692072548011/html/</li> </ul>See <a href="https://omnystudio.com/listener">omnystudio.com/listener</a> for privacy information.

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