Agricultural byproducts like corn stover, wood chips, and soybean husks typically get left to decompose and release carbon dioxide. Don’t call them “waste” though; some farmers use these byproducts as field cover to improve soil health. And industry uses a fraction of this biomass as feedstock for valuable products like ethanol, electricity, and heat. Theoretically, it’s a vastly underutilized resource. 
The problem is that agricultural residue is really hard to collect. The economics of gathering, sorting, processing, and refining are tough. On top of that, it makes for a crappy fuel. It’s low energy density and high carbon, compared to oil, for example.
So in what applications does agricultural residue make the most sense? And how do you economically collect the material at scale?
In this episode, Shayle talks to <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/peterreinhardt/">Peter Reinhardt</a>, co-founder and CEO of Charm Industrial, a carbon removal startup that collects agricultural residue and refines it in the field into what it calls “bio-oil.” It then injects the bio-oil underground for sequestration. Together, Peter and Shayle discuss the use cases and collection of agricultural residue, covering topics like:
<ul>
 <li>
How the difficult economics of collecting and transporting biomass have <a href="https://cen.acs.org/articles/93/web/2015/12/Debt-Woes-Idle-Cellulosic-Ethanol.html">killed</a> centralized biomass projects, except in a few niche examples
</li>
 <li>
Why Peter says the processing and densification are key to improving the economics
</li>
 <li>
The tradeoffs between big, centralized processing facilities and Charm’s on-field mobile pyrolysis units
</li>
 <li>
The case for using agricultural residue for applications where the carbon content matters, like iron-making, sustainable aviation fuel, and carbon removal
</li>
 <li>
What’s driving carbon removal buyers and what it takes to build trust with them
</li>
</ul>
Resources:
<ul>
 <li>
<a href="https://www.latitudemedia.com/news/catalyst-fuzzy-math-and-food-competition-the-pitfalls-of-removing-biomass-for-carbon-removal/">Catalyst</a>: Fuzzy math and food competition: The pitfalls of sourcing biomass for carbon removal  
</li>
 <li>
<a href="https://www.latitudemedia.com/news/open-circuit-what-we-learned-from-the-ethanol-disaster/">Open Circuit</a>: What we learned from the ethanol disaster  
</li>
 <li>
<a href="https://www.latitudemedia.com/news/catalyst-shopifys-head-of-sustainability-on-carbon-removal/">Catalyst</a>: Shopify’s head of sustainability on the realities of the carbon removal market  
</li>
 <li>
<a href="https://www.latitudemedia.com/news/catalyst-from-biowaste-to-biogold/">Catalyst</a>: From biowaste to ‘biogold’  
</li>
</ul>
Credits: Hosted by Shayle Kann. Produced and edited by Daniel Woldorff. Original music and engineering by Sean Marquand. Stephen Lacey is our executive editor. 
Catalyst is brought to you by Anza, a solar and energy storage development and procurement platform helping clients make optimal decisions, saving significant time, money, and reducing risk. Subscribers instantly access pricing, product, and supplier data. Learn more at ⁠<a href="http://go.anzarenewables.com/latitud">go.anzarenewables.com/latitud</a>e⁠. 
Catalyst is supported by EnergyHub. EnergyHub helps utilities build next-generation virtual power plants that unlock reliable flexibility at every level of the grid. See how EnergyHub helps unlock the power of flexibility at scale, and deliver more value through cross-DER dispatch with their leading Edge DERMS platform by visiting ⁠<a href="http://energyhub.com/">energyhub.com</a>⁠. 
Catalyst is brought to you by Antenna Group, the public relations and strategic marketing agency of choice for climate and energy leaders. If you're a startup, investor, or global corporation that's looking to tell your climate story, demonstrate your impact, or accelerate your growth, Antenna Group's team of industry insiders is ready to help. Learn more at <a href="%E2%81%A0%E2%81%A0antennagroup.com%E2%81%A0%E2%81%A0">⁠⁠antennagroup.com⁠⁠.</a>

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