It may just be being human. Stephen Dubner interviews A.I. performer Tilly Norwood to find out if we are as replaceable as we fear. (Part two of <a href="https://freakonomics.com/what-will-a-i-do-to-and-for-human-creativity/" rel="noopener noreferrer">a two-part series</a>.)&nbsp;<ul><li>SOURCES:<ul><li><a href="https://www.seanastin.com/biography" rel="noopener noreferrer">Sean Astin</a>, actor, president of SAG-AFTRA.</li><li><a href="https://kk.org/biography" rel="noopener noreferrer">Kevin Kelly</a>, co-founder of Wired.</li><li><a href="https://faculty.wharton.upenn.edu/profile/emollick/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Ethan Mollick</a>, associate professor of management at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.</li><li>Tilly Norwood, A.I. performer.</li><li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/eline-van-der-velden-2ab8285a/?isSelfProfile=false" rel="noopener noreferrer">Eline Van der Velden</a>, founder and C.E.O. of Particle6.</li><li><a href="https://carlsonschool.umn.edu/faculty/joel-waldfogel" rel="noopener noreferrer">Joel Waldfogel</a>, economist at the University of Minnesota.</li></ul></li></ul>&nbsp;<ul><li>RESOURCES:<ul><li>"<a href="https://kevinkelly.substack.com/p/quiet-my-exoself" rel="noopener noreferrer">Quiet, My Exoself</a>," by Kevin Kelly (KK, 2026).</li><li>"<a href="https://www.nber.org/digest/202605/how-large-language-models-are-reshaping-book-market?page=1&perPage=50" rel="noopener noreferrer">How Large Language Models Are Reshaping the Book Market</a>," by Imke Reimers and Joel Waldfogel (NBER, 2026).</li><li>"<a href="https://www.nber.org/papers/w32698" rel="noopener noreferrer">Intellectual Property and Creative Machines</a>," by Gaétan De Rassenfosse, Adam B. Jaffe, and Joel Waldfogel (NBER, 2024).</li><li><a href="https://link.amazon/B01UpvcEL" rel="noopener noreferrer">Digital Renaissance: What Data and Economics Tell Us About the Future of Popular Culture</a>, by Joel Waldfogel (2018).</li><li>"<a href="https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/688842" rel="noopener noreferrer">The Random Long Tail and the Golden Age of Television</a>," by Joel Waldfogel (Innovation Policy and the Economy, 2017).</li><li>"<a href="https://www.nber.org/papers/w22675" rel="noopener noreferrer">Quality Predictability and the Welfare Benefits From New Products: Evidence From the Digitization of Recorded Music</a>," by Luis Aguiar and Joel Waldfogel (NBER, 2016).</li><li>"<a href="https://www.nber.org/index%2Ephp/papers/w17503" rel="noopener noreferrer">Copyright Protection, Technological Change, and the Quality of New Products: Evidence from Recorded Music since Napster</a>," by Joel Waldfogel (NBER, 2011).</li></ul></li></ul>&nbsp;<ul><li>EXTRAS:<ul><li>"<a href="https://freakonomics.com/podcast/how-to-survive-the-a-i-shock/" rel="noopener noreferrer">How to Survive the A.I. Shock</a>," by Freakonomics Radio (2026).</li><li>"<a href="https://freakonomics.com/podcast/should-a-i-move-to-space/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Should A.I. Move to Space?</a>," by Freakonomics Radio (2026).</li><li>"<a href="https://freakonomics.com/podcast/are-thousands-of-medical-cures-hiding-in-plain-sight/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Are Thousands of Medical Cures Hiding in Plain Sight?</a>," by Freakonomics Radio (2026).</li><li>"<a href="https://freakonomics.com/podcast/can-a-i-save-your-life/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Can A.I. Save Your Life?</a>," by Freakonomics Radio (2026).</li></ul></li></ul> Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See <a href="https://pcm.adswizz.com">pcm.adswizz.com</a> for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

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