<div>Fixing gender inequality could reap big gains for the entire economy

In this episode of The Sound of Economics, host Rebecca Christie sits down with economist Anna Gifty Opoku-Agyeman and Bruegel’s Marie-Sophie Lappe to discuss gender inequality and how economics can help to fix it. The data shows that it costs more to be a woman in society, especially a Black woman, in areas ranging from health care<strong>,</strong> to pension savings and workplace routines. These extra burdens drag<strong> </strong>the whole economy down – but this also means that progress towards gender equality can pull<strong> </strong>the whole economy up. 

<strong>Related research:</strong>
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<ul>
<li>Christie, R. (2023) ‘<a href="https://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/fisma/items/782516/en">Taking up space</a>’, European Commission</li>
<li>Christie, R. and M. De Ridder (2022) '<a href="https://www.bruegel.org/blog-post/closing-gender-gap-self-employed-women-european-union">Closing the gender gap for self-employed women in the European Union</a>’, Bruegel Blog, 20 July</li>
<li>Darvas, Z. (2025) ‘<a href="https://www.bruegel.org/newsletter/how-has-europes-gender-wealth-gap-evolved-and-why">How has Europe’s gender wealth gap evolved, and why?</a>’, Bruegel Newsletter, 03 November</li>
<li>Darvas, Z. and N. Ruer (2025) '<a href="https://www.bruegel.org/working-paper/gender-wealth-inequality-european-union-distributional-perspective">Gender wealth inequality in the European Union: a distributional perspective</a>', Working Paper 26/2025, Bruegel</li>
<li>Darvas, Z., Kreko, J., A. Laczkovich  and N. Ruer (2025) ‘<a href="https://www.eurofound.europa.eu/en/publications/all/unequal-wealth-exploring-socioeconomic-disparities-across-eu#overview">Unequal wealth: Exploring socioeconomic disparities across the EU</a>’, Eurofound </li>
<li>Goldin, C. (2025) ‘<a href="https://goldin.scholars.harvard.edu/sites/g/files/omnuum5966/files/2025-05/Babies%20and%20the%20macroeconomy%20-%20Published%20Version_0.pdf">Babies and the macroeconomy</a>’, Economica, 93:1-26 </li>
<li>Lappe, M.S. and D. Pinkus (2025) ‘<a href="https://www.bruegel.org/first-glance/europes-savings-debate-should-focus-bigger-picture">Europe’s savings debate should focus on the bigger picture</a>’, First Glance, Bruegel, 11 September</li>
<li>Opoku-Agyeman, A. G. (2025) <a href="https://annagifty.com/thedoubletax"><em>The Double Tax: How Women of Color Are Overcharged and Underpaid</em></a>, Portfolio</li>
<li>Ostry, J. D. (2025) ‘<a href="https://www.bruegel.org/working-paper/gender-diversity-and-economic-growth">Gender diversity and economic growth</a>’, Working Paper 02/2025, Bruegel</li>
</ul>
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