We fall down the looking glass with Sönke Johnsen, a biologist who finds himself staring at one of the darkest things on the planet. So dark, it’s almost like he’s holding a blackhole in his hands. On his quest to understand how something could possibly be that black, we enter worlds of towering microscopic forests, where gold becomes black, the deep sea meets the moon, and places that are empty suddenly become full. Corrections/Clarifications:In this episode, <a href="https://www.mbari.org/animal/dragonfish/">dragonfish</a> are described as having teeth that slide back into their skull; that is the <a href="https://ocean.si.edu/ocean-life/fish/fangtooth-fish#:~:text=This%20aptly%20named%20fish%20(Anoplogaster,when%20its%20mouth%20is%20closed.">fangtooth fish</a>, not the dragonfish. Though both can be ultra-black.The fishes described are the darkest things on the planet, but there are some other animals that are equally as dark, including <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/news040126-4">butterflies</a>, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/17/science/ultrablack-velvet-ant-brazil.html">wasps</a>, and <a href="https://www.sciencenews.org/article/why-some-birds-paradise-have-ultrablack-feathers">birds</a>.Vantablack is <a href="https://news.mit.edu/2019/blackest-black-material-cnt-0913">no longer the blackest man-made material</a>EPISODE CREDITS: Hosted by - Molly WebsterReported by - Molly WebsterProduced by - Rebecca Laks, Pat Walters, Molly Websterwith help from - Becca BresslerOriginal music from - Vetle Nærøwith mixing help from -Jeremy BloomFact-checking by - Natalie A. Middletonand Edited by  - Pat WaltersGuest - <a href="https://scholars.duke.edu/person/sjohnsen">Sönke Johnsen</a>EPISODE CITATIONS:Articles - Sönke Johnsen’s research paper on <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-15033-1">ultra-black </a>in the wings of butterfliesA paper by Sönke Johnsen that describes how structure can change color, <a href="https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsif.2019.0383">by showing how clear quartz balls can</a> — when in a random pile — go from clear, to very blue, to white, depending on the size of the individual balls. Music - This episode kicked-off with some music by Norwegian pianist <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FhArwubp6QE">Vetle Nærø, check him out online </a>Videos  - <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EP0rH8IR22c&t=71s">Vantablack</a>, a video about the look and design of the world’s OG darkest man-made substance (get ready to be wowed), and a new material <a href="https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-just-set-a-new-record-for-the-blackest-material-ever-created">saying it’s darker than Vanta.</a>Signup for our newsletter. It includes short essays, recommendations, and details about other ways to interact with the show. <a href="https://radiolab.org/newsletter">Sign up</a> (https://radiolab.org/newsletter)!Radiolab is supported by listeners like you. Support Radiolab by becoming a member of <a href="http://members.radiolab.org">The Lab</a> (https://members.radiolab.org/) today.Follow our show on <a href="http://instagram.com/radiolab">Instagram</a>, <a href="http://twitter.com/radiolab">Twitter</a> and <a href="http://facebook.com/radiolab">Facebook</a> @radiolab, and share your thoughts with us by emailing <a href="mailto:radiolab@wnyc.org">radiolab@wnyc.org</a>.Leadership support for Radiolab’s science programming is provided by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Science Sandbox, a Simons Foundation Initiative, and the John Templeton Foundation. Foundational support for Radiolab was provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.

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