This first episode covers the earliest ways humans cared for their teeth, including the belief that demons might have something to do with tooth decay. We move all the way up to the 18th century, as dentistry became a profession in the U.S., including a surprising early practitioner.
Research: 
<ul>
<li>Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Shamash".&nbsp;Encyclopedia Britannica, 4 Mar. 2020, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Shamash</li>
<li>Hand, Greg. &ldquo;IDA GRAY WAS A PIONEERING CINCINNATI DENTIST WHO EARNED NATIONAL FAME.&rdquo; Cincinnati Magazine. Feb. 15, 2022. https://www.cincinnatimagazine.com/article/ida-gray-was-a-pioneering-cincinnati-dentist-who-earned-national-fame/</li>
<li>Hallmann-Mikołajczak A. Papirus Ebersa. Ksiega wiedzy medycznej egipcjan z XVI w P.N.E [Ebers Papyrus. The book of medical knowledge of the 16th century B.C. Egyptians]. Arch Hist Filoz Med. 2004;67(1):5-14. Polish. PMID: 15586450.</li>
<li>Lorenzi, Rosella. &ldquo;Bad teeth tormented ancient Egyptians.&rdquo; NBC News. Dec. 3, 2009. https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna34258529</li>
<li>Faulkner, Raymond Oliver and Dorman, Peter F.. "Ramses II".&nbsp;Encyclopedia Britannica, 18 Mar. 2021, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ramses-II-king-of-Egypt</li>
<li>Jones, Colin. &ldquo;Pulling Teeth in Eighteenth-Century Paris.&rdquo; Past & Present, no. 166, 2000, pp. 100&ndash;45, http://www.jstor.org/stable/651296. Accessed 26 Apr. 2022.</li>
<li>Forshaw, Roger. (2013). Hesyre: The First Recorded Physician and Dental Surgeon in History. Bulletin of the John Rylands Library. 89. 181-202. 10.7227/BJRL.89.S.10.</li>
<li>PROSKAUER, CURT. &ldquo;The Two Earliest Dentistry Woodcuts.&rdquo;&nbsp;Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, vol. 1, no. 1, 1946, pp. 71&ndash;86, http://www.jstor.org/stable/24619536</li>
<li>Riddell, William Renwick. &ldquo;Teeth in Olden Times.&rdquo;&nbsp;The Public Health Journal, vol. 16, no. 2, 1925, pp. 51&ndash;65, http://www.jstor.org/stable/41973265</li>
<li>&ldquo;The Story of Flouridation.&rdquo; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/fluoride/the-story-of-fluoridation</li>
<li>Jain, Shruti, and Hemant Jain. &ldquo;Legendary Hero: Dr. G.V. Black (1836-1915).&rdquo;&nbsp;Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR&nbsp;vol. 11,5 (2017): ZB01-ZB04. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2017/17462.9813</li>
<li>Peck, Sheldon. &ldquo;A Biographical Portrait of Edward Hartley Angle, the First Specialist in Orthodontics, Part 1.&rdquo; Angle Orthodontist, Vol 79, No 6, 2009. https://watermark.silverchair.com/021009-93_1.pdf</li>
<li>Einhorn, Alfred. &ldquo;ALKAMIN ESTERS OF PARA-AMNOEBENZOC ACID.&rdquo; U.S. Patent Office. https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/3b/3d/29/66b6b947ec1e06/US812554.pdf</li>
<li>Dummett, Clifton O. &ldquo;A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF THIRTEEN UNHERALDED CONTRIBUTORS TO MEDICODENTAL PROGRESS.&rdquo; JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, VOL. 81, NO. 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2571621/pdf/jnma00264-0103.pdf</li>
<li>Montalbano, M.J., Sharma, A., Oskouian, R.J.&nbsp;et al.&nbsp;The ancient Syrian physician Archigenes and his contributions to neurology and neuroanatomy.&nbsp;Childs Nerv Syst&nbsp;33,&nbsp;1419&ndash;1420 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-016-3191-2</li>
<li>Etter, William M. Ph.D. &ldquo;False Teeth.&rdquo; George Washington&rsquo;s Mount Vernon. https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/false-teeth/#:~:text=Contrary%20to%20later%20legend%2C%20none,to%20Washington's%20remaining%20real%20teeth.</li>
<li>Hyson JM Jr. &ldquo;History of the toothbrush.&rdquo; Journal of the History of Dentistry. 2003 Jul;51(2):73-80.</li>
<li>Wynbrandt, James. &ldquo;The Excruciating History of Dentistry.&rdquo; &nbsp;St. Martin's Griffin. 2000.</li>
<li>Reinberg, Steven. &ldquo;Even Before Pandemic, One-Third of U.S. Adults Went Without Dental Care.&rdquo; U.S. News and World Report. July 9, 2021. https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2021-07-09/even-before-pandemic-one-third-of-us-adults-went-without-dental-care</li>
<li>Sheridan, P G. &ldquo;NIDR--40 years of research advances in dental health.&rdquo;&nbsp;Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)&nbsp;vol. 103,5 (1988): 493-9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3140276/#:~:text=The%20National%20Institute%20of%20Dental,training%20to%20improve%20oral%20health.</li>
<li>&ldquo;Law Regulating the Practice of Dentistry in Alabama.&rdquo; https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/81bf/51ebbc6c544da12b436c1154eb62ebeaa488.pdf</li>
<li>&ldquo;Josiah Flagg, Surgeon Dentist.&rdquo; Massachusetts Historical Society. https://www.masshist.org/database/177</li>
<li>&ldquo;Jan Steen &ndash; The Tooth-puller.&rdquo; Mauritshuis. https://www.mauritshuis.nl/en/our-collection/artworks/165-the-tooth-puller/</li>
<li>&ldquo;Alfred Einhorn.&rdquo; National Inventors Hall of Fame. https://www.invent.org/inductees/alfred-einhorn</li>
<li>Strack, Joseph Gordon. &ldquo;Rx for Living: Dr. H.T. Dean &ndash; Public Health Officer.&rdquo; TIC. January 1950. http://www.nobilium.com/skin/frontend/ultimo/default/pdf/tic1950jan_small.pdf</li>
<li>Gallagher, Jennifer E. and Lynn Hutchinson. &ldquo;Analysis of human resources for oral health globally: inequitable distribution.&rdquo; International Dental Journal. Volume 68, Issue 3. 2018. Pages 183-189. https://doi.org/10.1111/idj.12349.</li>
<li>&ldquo;Oral health.&rdquo; World Health Organization. March 15, 2022. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/oral-health</li>
<li>ADA Library/Archives staff. &ldquo;HISTORY OF DENTISTRY TIMELINE.&rdquo; ARCHIVES OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION. https://www.mouthhealthy.org/~/media/ADA/Education%20and%20Careers/Files/dental_history.pdf</li>
</ul>See <a href="https://omnystudio.com/listener">omnystudio.com/listener</a> for privacy information.

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A Brief History of Dentistry and Oral Health, Part 1

Stuff You Missed in History Class